by Richard Uberfluss, PT
Assisting Hands Home Care

Falls are the leading cause of injury death among individuals over 65 years of age, according to the CDC. Illnesses, medications and environmental factors can all affect strength and balance contributing to a fall. But despite common misperceptions, falls are not a normal part of the aging process. They can be prevented.

What are contributing risk factors for falls and who is at risk?

Illnesses such as Alzheimer's disease and other dementias, Orthostatic hypotension(drop in blood pressure on standing), alcohol abuse, Diabetes mellitus type 2, disturbed vision and Neurological conditions all can result in balance and coordination issues. Several classes of drugs are associated with increased falls, especially among those who take multiple medications.

What steps can you take to prevent falls?

• First: talk with your doctor about falls and about improving management of any medical conditions; and discuss exercise, vestibular and balance training and increasing physical activity. You may also want to be evaluated by a Physical Therapist and/or Audiologist.
• Second: At least one-third of all falls in the elderly involve environmental hazards in the home, so take some practical prevention steps such as: eliminating obstacles; wearing shoes with nonskid soles; improving lighting; and installing grab bars in your bathroom, and stair handrails.
• Third: Consider home care, especially if you have fallen before and have trouble getting out of bed or up from a chair. You may want to consider an in-home caregiver to help with transfers, climbing and walking (the cost of a caregiver is typically 1/3 the cost of a nursing home.) Or you may want to talk with a Physical Therapist about starting a strengthening program and home safety screen.